Beefing s-ore and aft sails



Unirse sfrx'rens maaar carros.

SAMUEL SAMUELS, O F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

REEFING EURE AND AFT SAILS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 25,917, dated October 25, 1859.

To all 'whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL S'AMUnLs, of the city of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Means of Resting Fore and Aft Sails; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side view of a ships mizzen mast and spanker illustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of the spanker boom and a portion of the mast on a larger scale than Fig. l, and exhibits in section the irons which connect the boom with the mast, the gipsy purchase by which the boom is turned to roll up the sail and the loose metal ring by which the lift and braces are attached. Fig. 3 exhibits a horizontal section of the mast and top view of part of the boom the irons for connecting the boom to the mast and the gipsy purchase. Fig. 4 is a front view of the gipsy purchase and the stop pawl and ratchet. Fig. 5, exhibits a transverse section of the boom close to the loose metal ring by which the lift and braces are attached.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

My invention consists in a mode of applying the booms of spankers, schooners main and fore sails, sloops main-sails and other fore and aft sails of similar character, whereby provision is made for the reet'lng of the sail by rolling it on the boom and the boom is left free to be worked in the same malnner as the booms in common use for such sai s.

'Io enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A, is the mast, made in the usual manner.

B, is the boom made without jaws and having driven into it or otherwise secured to it at the end which comes next the mast, a stout, central pin a, which constitutes a ournal, and which is fitted into a bearing in a bow shaped truss C, of wrought iron or other metal which has eyes formed in its ends to receive two pins b, b, which attach it to opposite sides of a hoop D, of wrought iron or other metal, which encircles the mast loosely and rests upon a xed band or shoulder m, formed around the mast. The boom is conined to the truss C, by the insertion of a transverse pin c, through the partoi' the journal a, which projects through the truss O, on the inner side, and a washer S, between the said pin c, and the truss. The end of the boom next the mast is fitted with a band or cap e, of iron or other metal all around the exterior of which are formed ratchet teeth to receive a stop pawl g, which works on a pivot formed upon a rigid arm d, which projects rearward from one side of the truss C, of which the said arm forms a part. Close to the cap or band c, the boom is fitted with a gipsy purchase E, by which it can be turned by men on deck, and at the back of this windlass is an iron band f, with a concave periphery to receive a rope to act as a brake as will be presently described. At a convenient distance from the end of the boom to attach the braces h, 71 it is fitted with a tight grooved band z', and to the groove of this band is fitted a loose rino' F, having an eye j, to which to secure the lit 7c, and two eyes Z, Z, to which to secure the braces z., 7L. This ring F, may be made in two parts to permit it to be placed within the groove of the band i, or the ring may be made in one piece and the band of two pieces.

The foot of the sail Gr, is connected with a j ack-stay n, of the common kind provided on the boom, the inner leech is connected with the mast by hoops 0, 0, and the head with the gaff II, by a jack-stay n, in the usual manner. The gait is worked by two halyards g and r, in the common way. The boom is worked by the braces h, 71 in the usual manner. When the boom projects far beyond the stern of the vessel, as is commonly the case in yachts, and as it sometimes does in other vessels, an opening has to be provided of sufiicient width to admit the band c', and ring F, extending from the boom up as high as the sail is required to be reefed, and this opening is to be fitted with an apron such as has been used in square sails which are reefed by rolling on their yards.

To reef the sail, a bar is shipped in the gipsy E, and the halyards are slackened gradually to lower the gai while the gipsy is worked by the bar t, to give a rotary motion to the boom for the purpose of rolling down the sail upon it, the truss C, and the ring F constituting the two bearings in which the boom works while thus rotating. When the sail is reefed to the extent desired,

the bar t, is taken away and the halyards are hauled taut. The reef is secured by the stop pawl g. Vhen it is desired to let out the reef, a rope is applied around the band f, and secured to a hand-spike or bar in such a manner as to be capable of acting as a friction brake. The bar t, is shipped in the gipsy and the boom turned far enough to relieve the stop pawl g, which is then thrown out of gear, after which the bar t is taken out, and the gafll hauled up by the halyards as fast as the sail is unrolled from the boom.

,The unrolling is effected by the-pressure of the wind against the sail, as fast as is per# mitted by the friction applied at f, which should be sufficient to prevent the sail being blown out slack. During the unrolling of the sail the gipsy may either revolve with the boom, or may fall into a position in which its pawls are inoperative. When the reef is let out suiciently the stop pawl g, is thrown into gear again to secure the boom and the halyards hauled taut.

This improved mode of reeflng is applicable at small expense to vessels which have been fitted with the old mode. same sail can be used without any alteration, except in the case of a very long boom when the opening requires to be cut, and the apron fitted, as before mentioned. The same boom can also be used, the jaws requiring to be cut off and the iron work represented near the mast in Figs. l and 2, and hereinbefore described being fitted in their place, and the band "2', and ring F to be applied.

I claiml. Supporting the rolling boom in two bearings, one of which is in a truss, connected with the mast by a hoop or its equivalent, and the other in a ring which is held by the lift and braces, substantially as herein specified.

2. And I further claim, the combination with the rolling boom of the gipsy purchase applied as herein described.

SAML. SAMUELS.

Witnesses:

HENRY T. BROWN, WM. TUsoH.

The 

